Membership drives for nonprofit media have evolved far beyond volunteers taking pledges over rotary phones.
Today’s leading nonprofit news outlets operate as mission-driven businesses fueled by corporate sponsorships, events, philanthropic donations and other revenue sources. That same degree of sophistication applies to memberships, which remain an important part of the fundraising mix.
The Texas Tribune tallied US$668,642 in membership revenue in 2013, a 31 percent jump over the previous year. Memberships accounted for roughly 13 percent of overall revenue during a record-setting year that brought in US$5.1 million.
The Tribune has learned plenty of membership tricks since its debut campaign in late 2009, when 1,400 people signed up while pledging about US$145,000. In 2013, about 2,700 people joined or renewed their Tribune memberships, with a renewal rate of 70 percent.
Running an effective membership program is a complex, never-ending endeavor. I asked the Tribune’s director of development, Maggie Gilburg, and assistant director Natalie Choate to share some of their core strategies:
Define 'the ask'
Are you asking people to join primarily based on benefits they will receive, or is their membership a vote of confidence in your mission? The Tribune offers modest benefits ranging from monthly newsletters to invitations to VIP events, but its membership strategy mostly focuses on selling the value of the Tribune’s public-service journalism. “It’s really a philosophical ask: Please support our mission at the level that’s most comfortable for you,” said Gilburg, who has been with the Tribune since its launch.
Choate, who joined the Tribune in 2011, said that while early membership efforts were geared toward introducing the Tribune, more recent campaigns have focused on convincing potential members why the site’s work is important. “If they haven’t given yet, in my opinion, they don’t know why we’re important yet,” Choate said.
Plan ahead
Choate, the point person for the Tribune’s membership drives, begins preparations months ahead of time. After settling on a campaign theme, she crafts messages catered to five modes of delivery: email, social media, direct mail, the site itself and membership events. (Email tends to be most effective, because people on distribution lists have shown some form of previous support or interest in the Tribune.)
Choate said it’s important to seek buy-in from the entire organization, from department heads to designers to the newsroom. She invites employees to membership happy hours and circulates pre-written social media statuses that staffers can share if so inclined.
Push for multi-year pledges
Some public broadcasting stations have found success by adopting sustaining-membership programs based on automatic monthly donations. The Tribune doesn’t take that approach, but has found a stable source of revenue with its “editor’s circle” program, in which supporters pledge up to US$5,000 annually for three years. “That was really genius in a box in terms of revenue growth,” Gilburg said of the circle program, which began in the summer of 2010 and has grown to produce US$354,500 in annual contributions from 173 members.
Persuade existing members to give more
It’s hard to convince people unfamiliar with your organization to make a major donation, which the Tribune defines as more than US$5,000. On the other hand, existing members may be willing to contribute more, as fellow nonprofits like the Voice of San Diego have found. “We’re developing a donor base, and we’ll move those people down the line,” Gilburg said. “From their earliest contribution, the connection deepens.”
Evaluate the returns
Cultivating and maintaining a membership base is an “exceptionally large task,” Choate said. For some nonprofit news organizations, the costs to staff, promote and maintain a membership program may not be worth the effort. It’s important to weigh the expenses against the returns.
“If you hire a person for X, and they bring in less than X, then it’s not worth it,” Gilburg said. “There are intangibles that are not bottom-line benefits, but it’s definitely an investment.”
Jake Batsell (@jbatsell), an assistant professor of journalism at Southern Methodist University, is spending the 2013-14 academic year as a Texas Tribune Fellow based in Austin.
This post originally appeared on NewsBiz as part of a series called “Brass Tacks," focusing on pragmatic advice for selected best practices in the business of digital news. IJNet partner Idea Lab originally cross-posted the piece, and it is published on IJNet with permission.
Idea Lab is a group blog by innovative thinkers and entrepreneurs who are reinventing media in the digital age. Initially the blog was set up exclusively for authors who won a grant in the Knight News Challenge, but now includes other Knight grantees along with other entrepreneurs, project leaders and thinkers at the Northwestern University Knight Lab, Reese News Lab, John S. Knight Journalism Fellowships at Stanford and the MIT Center for Civic Media. Learn more about Idea Lab on the web, follow Idea Lab on Twitter or on Facebook.
Image of a member attending the Texas Tribune happy hour CC-licensed on Flickr here.